PMC Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Panel

Up to 52 genes Turn around Time: 10 business days
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Test Description

Genetic testing can identify genes linked to primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and cystic fibrosis. These conditions can lead to respiratory problems, such as respiratory tract infections, neonatal respiratory distress, and other lung complications. Other possible effects of these disorders include situs inversus or heterotaxy, abnormal sperm motility, and male infertility due to congenital absence of the vas deferens.

  • Associated Conditions
    • Primary ciliary dyskinesia
    • Cystic fibrosis
    • Ciliary dyskinesia
    • Ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 20
    • Ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 30
    • Ciliary dyskinesia -Lethal Ciliopathy
    • van der Woude syndrome 2
  • Methodology

    Targeted Exome/ Slice Exome (Next Generation Sequencing including Copy Number Variation)

  • Assay Information
    • ARMC4: Deletion/duplication and sequencing analysis is not offered for exon 9.
    • CFTR: Analysis includes the intronic variants: NM_000492.3:c.3718-2477C>T (also known as 3849+10kbC>T)| c.1210-34TG[13]T[5] (also known as T5TG13)| c.1210-34TG[12]T[5] (also known as T5TG12)| c.1210-34TG[11]T[5] (also known as T5TG11)| and c.1679+1634A>G. Sequencing analysis for exons 7 includes only cds +/- 10 bp.
    • NOTCH2: Deletion/duplication and sequencing analysis is not offered for exons 1-4.
    • RPGR: To detect X-linked retinitis pigmentosa sequence variants in exon 15 of NM_001034853.2| RPGR (ORF15) must also be analyzed.
  • Limitations

    All sequencing technologies have limitations. A negative result from this analysis does not rule out a possible genetic diagnosis as some variants may not be detected by this test. This test is not designed to detect low level mosaicism, structural rearrangements, indels >40bp, deep intronic variants of unknown clinical significance, or large cytogenetic CNVs. Certain inherent qualities of the human genome, for example repetitive regions/homopolymers, GC rich, pseudogenes, and rare polymorphisms, pose significant technical challenges such as sequence misalignment that may potentially impact the accuracy of the results. False negative results may also occur in the setting of allogeneic bone marrow, stem cell transplantation, active or chronic hematologic conditions, recent blood transfusions, suboptimal DNA quality or PCR trace contamination. Other potential sources of error include sample mix-ups and clerical issues.

  • References
    • 1. Richards S et al. Genetics in medicine. Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology. 2015 May;17(5):405-24 (PMID: 25741868)
    • 2. GnomAD (gnomAD)
    • 3. CSPEC (ClinGen variant classification rules registry) Criteria Specification Registry
    • 4. Normal copy number variation in healthy individuals database of genomic variants: http://dgv.tcag.ca/dgv/app/home
  • Tagged Genes

    Primary panel:

    52 genes selected